How do I stop the Finder and other applications from restoring windows?

Lion's new Resume feature will relaunch old opened documents as well as old opened windows when the Finder restarts. To stop this function, go to Apple menu -> System Preferences -> General, and uncheck Restore windows when quitting and re-opening applications. Note also when you shut down or restart your Mac, a similar checkbox appears, and should be unchecked for the Finder to not restart with the same windows. Below you'll find that the checkbox is at the bottom of the System Preference window, above Use LCD font smoothing checkbox: