Q: How do I stop my iPhone from activating unwanted iCloud services I don't use?

I have an iPhone 5, iOS 9.3.1

I recently noticed a problem where it wouldn't receive all the iMessages that my Mac and other iDevices receive. Following instructions here I signed out of iCloud and then back in. When I did, a bunch of things that I don't use were activated. It turned on all the iCloud components for Notes, Wallet, Reminders, and it turned on every single Photo service (iCloud Photo Library, My Photo Stream, iCloud Photo Sharing) and started transferring photos. Worst of all, it turned on Find My iPhone. I don't want any of these services.

I was able to quickly disable everything with the exception of Find My iPhone. I can't disable it from the phone because its greyed out. I can't disable it from the browser because the option to disable isn't there. My only choices are to lock the phone, play a sound, or erase it.

So my questions are actually two:

first - how do I turn off Find My iCloud

Second - how do I prevent all these services from turning on when I just want to turn off iCloud and turn it back on to reset some errant phone behavior?