Q: Has my account been hacked

I received a text message to my iPhone 5s 64 GB. It contained a link saying to click it to verify my iCloud account.  At the time I was distracted so I clicked the link. This directed me to a web page in Safari. It asked for my Apple ID and password so I inserted them without thinking.  Briefly, apple.ru was visible in the address bar. I then received  multiple emails, which were un-openable (no sender, no message), all varying in date, 2 being from '01/01/1970' and another 'yesterday'. Fearing I had allowed a hacker into my account, I changed the password, which made the emails disappear  All seems to be working fine now, but I am wondering if I have been potentially hacked in any way and if my account may still be vulnerable.

should I take further steps to secure my account, and if so, what?

Many thanks,

Charles