Thanks everyone. You are all very helpful. I was pretty sure that it had charged before while my MacBook Pro was asleep, but the tech note says that with iTunes 7.3, the Mac may not sleep. So, maybe it was awake all night -- poor Mac.
The strange thing is that I've always charged my Treo while my Mac was asleep -- just tried it again. I also tried a few adapters, and while the Treo will charge with all adapters, the iPhone is very choosy. It won't charge with iGo, for example. So, even while there is power, there must be something else the iPhone senses before it will accept a charge.
Phredd