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The experience you've had with your mini isn't a common one, but it has been reported from time to time, so it's not unheard of. I don't think there's been a clear reason found for this happening, and there is certainly not one from your description of this specific incident, but among the users I have who run Intel minis, I have had one where a boot failure occurred - the power light failed to light, though the chime was present and the system commenced startup then kernel panicked. An SMC reset was done and it has not happened again - though it may be purely coincidental that it hasn't happened again.
I would suggest that since you switched power off at the wall before rebooting, it would be wise to check you didn't inadvertently damage the drive's data structure or directories - not likely, but possible if the drive was attempting to write at the time, and then do an SMC reset. If you get any other similar events, post back, with as much detail as possible, including any odd behavior you may have experienced in the previous use, and what software you've installed.
To check the drive, run Disk Utility (in Applications>Utilities), then select the internal drive and firstly, click 'repair permissions', then once done, click 'verify disk'. Errors in the permissions will be repaired, though any in the process of verifying the disk would indicate the drive needs a repair which can be tried by booting the system to the original install disk (holding the C key down during startup) and running Disk Utility from there, this time clicking 'repair disk'.
To perform an SMC reset,
-From the Apple menu, choose Shut Down (or if the computer is not responding, hold the power button until it turns off).
-Unplug all cables from the computer, including the power cord and any display cables.
-Wait at least 15 seconds.
-Plug the power cord back in, making sure the power button is not being pressed at the time.
-Then reconnect your keyboard and mouse to the computer.
-Press the power button on the back to start up your computer.