David
Here is the Terminal output - what is it telling you?
The first one says you have no format symbols defined for AM/PM, and the second one says you have not chosen to "AppendAMPM".
Now, I know you have been trying to do this, but for whatever reason it hasn't stuck. Let's see if we can have better luck using Terminal.
Copy and paste the following into the Terminal window,
one line at a time, with a return after each line:
defaults write -g AppleICUDateTimeSymbols -dict-add 5 '( am, pm) '
defaults write com.apple.MenuBarClock AppendAMPM 1
killall SystemUIServer
Your Right Hand Menu Bar will disappear briefly after the last command, and then re-appear, hopefully with "am or "pm". If not, try selecting it again through System Preferences.