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How to limit the size of Time Machine backups to Time Capsule

Many have expressed the desire to partition the internal hard disk in their Time Capsule -- presumably because they wish to limit the amount of space allocated to Time Machine backups. I myself wanted to do this. Thanks to instructions posted at http://www.readynas.com/?p=253, I believe I have found a solution. Note: although it is working for me, this is not guaranteed to work, it may contain errors, and it is not for those who are unfamiliar in working in Terminal. I also do not offer tech support. You're on your own. With those provisos, here are the instructions:

1. In System Preferences, turn Time Machine off.
2. Find the MAC address of the machine’s internal Ethernet port by typing at the prompt (not including quotation marks:
"ifconfig en0 | grep ether"
This should produce a single line of output, such as:
ether 00:16:cb:af:91:d7

Even if the network backups will be done using a different port (e.g. AirPort: usually “en1″) the system will use the address of en0 as part of the system identifier.

If your computer's (not your hard disk's) name is "Mac", the identifier that Time Machine will use is “Mac_0016cbaf91d7"

3. Create a new sparsebundle directly on the Time Capsule share. Decide how many gigabytes in size you want it to be, and substitute the figure you want for "125" below. Be sure to append the "g" for gigabytes. The easiest way to do this is to type after the prompt:

"hdiutil create -size 125g -fs HFSX -volname "Backup of Mac"

and then, *without hitting return*, dragging the Time Capsule volume appearing on your desktop directly from the desktop into the Terminal window (assuming you have the Finder set to display connected servers). So if the name of the Time Capsule volume is "david", the final command should look something like this:

hdiutil create -size 125g -fs HFSX -volname "Backup of Mac" /Volumes/david/Mac_0016cbaf91d7.sparsebundle

Note that in place of "david" would be whatever the name of the particular Time Capsule volume you have chosen (I use "Secure Shared Disks: With Accounts" under Disks > File Sharing in AirPort Utility , so volumes for each account name are created).

Hit return. You should see:

created: /Users/david/Mac_0016cbaf91d7.sparsebundle

4. Now double-click that .sparsebundle file residing on your Time Capsule volume, and it should mount.
5. Launch Disk Utility
6. Choose "Backup of Mac" in the Disk Utility sidebar
7. Click on the button "Enable Journaling"

Note: the reason why I do this is because in the course of testing, I found that Time Machine created .sparsebundle files which when mounted had filesystems that were both case-sensitive and journaled, and the hdiutil command apparently doesn't allow one to create a .sparsebundle file with both of these attributes simultaneously.

8. Unmount "Backup of Magpie"
9. Open the Time Machine prefpane, and select "magpie" as the new destination for Time Machine backups
10. Turn Time Machine on

PowerBook G4/1.67 GHz, Mac OS X (10.5.2), 7200rpm 100 GB HD, 2 GB RAM, iPhone 8GB (1.1.4)

Posted on May 15, 2008 12:56 PM

Reply
23 replies

May 18, 2008 12:48 AM in response to odysseus

Great! Finally someone is trying to show how we can use the great Time Capsule drive for both doing (scheduled backups) and other things.

I have tried your solution, but are having problems in step 3) when trying to create a new sparsebundle directly on the Tiem Capsule share.

I have carefully prepared after your instructions the line - draggin also the Time Capsule volume to finish the line :

hdiutil create -size 200g -fs HFSX -volname BakJohn/Volumes/Time Capsule-1/John24GHzPBCoreDuo_XXXecXXbcXXX.sparsebundle

(X = numbers)

After hitting ENTER this message comes:

hdiutil: create failed - No such file or directory


Do you have any ideas or suggestions?

But gets this error message

May 18, 2008 7:51 AM in response to John Christiansen

+hdiutil create -size 200g -fs HFSX -volname BakJohn/Volumes/Time Capsule-1/John24GHzPBCoreDuo_XXXecXXbcXXX.sparsebundle+

Did you type the path or did you drag the volume into the Terminal window as I suggested? After -volname, I don't think there should be "BakJohn", but rather the -volname parameter should start /Volumes/Time\ Capsule...

May 19, 2008 3:56 AM in response to John Christiansen

If any of your names have spaces in, you need to make them known.

I.e put your name in "" -> Volumes/"my drive"/folder

or declare a non-blank space by putting in a backslash Volumes/my\ drive/folder

(I haven't tried the second one, but my knowledge of other languages tells me it should work)

--

Oh and by the way, this method worked perfectly for me, thank you very much!

Although couldn't this technique by done the same way but using Disk Utility?

May 19, 2008 6:44 AM in response to Robert Tolton

Great. Disk Utility is just a UI for hdiutil anyway. Can you confirm that Time Machine will use the thus-created disk image for backups? Another question: which of the two choices, Apple Partition Map (PPC) or GUID partition map, is appropriate for Time Capsule? Or should one choose "no partition map" since one can't boot from the image anyway?

May 19, 2008 6:48 AM in response to odysseus

I can't confirm it (due to time it takes to actually do a backup of 600Gb of data), but the disk images are identical, so I see no reason why they wouldn't operate the exact same way.

EDIT: Saw your addition to your post.

Time Machine creates Apple Partition Map images with 1 Partition.

I suppose you could use either GUID or none, but it's better to go with what TM does itself.

Message was edited by: Robert Tolton

May 19, 2008 9:08 AM in response to Robert Tolton

+I'm guessing because it's actually supported by Time Machine natively (without running the write-defaults trick).+

Well, the write-defaults trick might be just a ploy so that Apple doesn't have to support other devices. My Buffalo Linkstation NAS uses Netatalk 2.0.6 for AFP. Any thoughts? Time Machine itself seems overrated or poorly designed -- it's very slow to navigate certain folders once you have a lot of data, discards data unbeknownst to the user, isn't bootable, etc. It has a good (but currently flawed mechanism) for quickly determining what needs to be backed (unlike Retrospect which has to laboriously scan one's entire hard disk) and seems mainly good for restoring that file or folder that you inadvertently deleted.

How to limit the size of Time Machine backups to Time Capsule

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