As Yvan has pointed out, Numbers offers an alternative to large spreadsheets, that being multiple tables & sheets. As you point out, moving around a large spreadsheet is not fast, even when using cursor keys (which I am assuming are the same thing as arrow keys, there being just the one set on my keyboard).
Assuming you can break your large spreadsheets down into smaller ones, you may find that navigation is remarkably quick because you can click on any table in any sheet to immediately jump to another one (even when creating cell or range references) rather than having to transverse large areas of a single spreadsheet one cell at a time.
If you are interested in exploring this approach, you may find my comments in the thread
Generating values for grades useful as a description of how this can be applied when creating cell references in Numbers.
It may not be the right approach for your needs, but unless you know about it, you can't compare it to other approaches, right?