I just spent an hour on the phone with support (1-800-my-iphone). I have Vista
This is what we did, step by step, and i'll include the things we did that finally worked, wasn't supposed to fix it, but it did.
Run MSCONFIG (System Config Utility)
Under the General Tab, select Selective Startup. Make sure the ONLY checkmark is in the box for Load System Services
Click on the Services tab. Check the box for Hide All Microsoft Services. The click the Disable All button.
Click the Startup Tab, and disable all there as well.
Restart your computer.
-----The following is from an email support sent me to follow.-----
Then once you are back up, do the following...
1. Use the Programs and Features control panel to uninstall iTunes, Apple Mobile Device Support, and QuickTime.
2. Download iTunes from
http://www.apple.com/itunes/download
3. Find the iTunesSetup.exe file and move it to the root level of the hard drive (C:\).
4. From the Start menu, choose All Programs, then Accessories, then right-click Command Prompt and choose Run as administrator from the shortcut menu.
5. At the prompt, type the following (WITH the quotes): "C:\iTunesSetup.exe"
6. The iTunes installer should launch. Run through it as they would normally.
7. Relaunch Itunes and sync the Iphone.
That was the fix for me. Iphone is now syncing with Itunes with no issues and no error messages.
Then go back an renable startup programs and services as needed in MSCONFIG.
This fixed my issues. Hopefully it will help others as well.
Otherwise, you'll probably spend an hour on the phone with support trying other things.