You can also use a plug adapter for the AC adapter that came with your iPhone. The little AC adapter runs on 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz, so it works nearly everywhere in the world, provided you have an adapter so the plug fits.
You can get the appropriate plug adapter at a Radio Shack or a travel store.
The Japan version of the iPhone AC adapter is available on the Japan Apple Online Store, but purchases from that section of the Store must be shipped to postal addresses +in Japan+, so that won't help you much.