Hey djukami,
From page 38 of the iPhone user guide:
+*Emergency Calls*+
+If iPhone is locked with a passcode, you may still be able to make an emergency call.+
+*Make an emergency call when iPhone is locked*: Tap Emergency Call, then dial the+
+number using the keypad.+
+
Important: You should not rely on wireless devices for essential communications, such+
+as medical emergencies. Use of any cellular phone to call emergency services may not+
+work in all locations. Emergency numbers and services vary by region, and sometimes+
+an emergency call cannot be placed due to network availability or environmental+
+interference. Some cellular networks may not accept an emergency call from iPhone if+
+it doesn’t have a SIM, if you locked your SIM, or if you haven’t activated your iPhone.+
http://manuals.info.apple.com/en/iPhoneUserGuide.pdf
One thing you can try to quickly make your iPhone or any cellular phone disconnect and reconnect to the network is toggle Airplane Mode.
Jason