Hey bfk and Welcome to Apple Discussions,
Technically you should start a new thread since your problem is actually the opposite of Yanni's.
That said:
only a select few keys on my keyboard are not working - 4, R, F, V.
So if you look at that site that I reference to Yannni, the actual picture of the membrane traces. You see there that 4, R, F, V are on the same vertical line and exit the keyboard through the flex cable to the logic board. If you're lucky you'll see a crack in the flex where it folds under itself. That's a common fault.
If you're not lucky it will be within the keyboard membrane itself but all is not lost. You'd have to have a massive amount of patience and skill but it can be repaired. So disassembly is here:
http://mij.oltrelinux.com/ibook/cleaning_keyboard/
and further down in this site you'll see the membrane:
http://geektechnique.org/index.php?id=160
so I figure that I have somehow shorted a circuit on my keyboard membrane.
So not a short but one of these traces will be open. If you reference the keyboard 4, R, F, V on the membrane you'll see a vertical trace that corresponds to those keys.
If you hold it up the light you'll see a crack or a corrodes area in this trace.
It might take an ohm or continuity meter to isolate the spot. Usually where a liquid has spilled and corroded the trace away. Coffee is particularly bad for doing this.
Does anyone know how this could be fixed at home?
So the repair can be done with rear window defroster repair paint or conductive paint from a specialty electronics supplier. Radio Shack carried this but haven't seen it lately.
Richard