Yes, it's possible, but it might not be what you're wanting. The problem is that push sync doesn't work (yet?) with subscribed calendars. See the article here:
http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1213
The way I've been able to work around this is to disable push, or "over-the-air" sync, and then only sync calendars when syncing over the USB cable. To do this, on your iPhone to go Settings -> Mail, Contacts, Calendars -> then for each of your accounts (or in my case, just for .Mac), set 'Calendars' to Off.
Then in iTunes, with your iPhone connected, sync your iPhone once, then go to the Info tab for your iPhone, and make sure the settings for "Sync iCal Calendars" is enabled for the right calendars.
I've been checking back on that knowledge base article about once a month, and have yet to see any sign that Apple has fixed this problem. A search through the discussions shows that lots of folks are wanting push sync for subscribed calendars to work, so we are not alone!
I hope this helps.