So is it possible to open or convert a mp3 or jpg file as binary text which can be printed rescanned as a text file and re opened.
Weird question, and not really appropriate to this forum, but okay, I'll bite. Yes and no.
Why yes? Well, as you say, computers are binary. If you have a jpeg that is 50 kb in size, that translates to 50 x 1024 bytes, and each byte is made up of 8 bits, where a bit is simply a one or a zero. Thus, your 50 kb jpeg file would be made of about 409,600 ones/zeros. A 50 kb jpeg is something you might find on a web site... something large and photographic in nature, such as the images from my 8 megapixel camera, are closer to 3-4 Mb (25,165,824-33,554,432 ones/zeros). An mp3 could easily be larger still.
This brings us to the no. A very simple and small 50 kb jpeg file, converted into binary and printed onto paper, would be many pages. In a 9-point font with the smallest margins allowed by my printer, I could have fit slightly more than 8,200 ones on a page. (Zeros are wider, so the average per page would probably be lower for mixed ones/zeros.) That means your 50 kb jpeg would take up 50 pages (or 25 front and back). A photo from my camera could take more than 4,000 pages, not to mention a large mp3! Not at all practical.
Further, you talk about scanning and converting back to binary, which would presumably involve a scanner with a sheet feeder and some OCR software to convert the scanned page image into text. This would be extremely time-consuming, and would probably involve a significant amount of error introduced into the data in the OCR software.
So, for your idea about people using paper to store data... not very likely at all for this kind of data. Of course, remember that people actually
did once store data on paper... boxes of punch cards! (Don't drop the box... card order matters!) Of course, most of the data being stored this way was program code that, if written out in a modern programming language, might take a couple pages.