What is a 'network volume', 'start up disk', and Hard Drive issues

Did you prep the new drive then install OS X on it? Just putting it in the machine won't accomplish a thing.

Maybe you could tell us where this drive is, physically. What drive are you booting from?

You don't have a network drive from which to boot. Selecting that icon won't help.

Do you have an external enclosure in which you can put the old hard drive that you will remove from the computer? You need to remove the old drive, place it in the external enclosure, and install the new drive in the computer. Once that's done boot the computer from the old drive in the external enclosure by restarting the computer. After the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the icon for the external drive then click on the large downward pointing arrow button.

To prep the new drive:

Extended Hard Drive Preparation

1. Open Disk Utility in your Utilities folder.

2. After DU loads select your internal hard drive (this is the entry with the mfgr.'s ID and size) from the left side list. Note the SMART status of the drive in DU's status area. If it does not say "Verified" then the drive is failing or has failed and will need replacing. SMART info will not be reported on external drives. Otherwise, click on the Partition tab in the DU main window.

3. Under the Volume Scheme heading set the number of partitions from the drop down menu to one. Set the format type to Mac OS Extended (Journaled.) Click on the Options button, set the partition scheme to GUID (for Intel Macs) or APM (for PPC Macs) then click on the OK button. Click on the Partition button and wait until the process has completed.

4. Select the volume you just created (this is the sub-entry under the drive entry) from the left side list. Click on the Erase tab in the DU main window.

5. Set the format type to Mac OS Extended (Journaled.) Click on the Options button, check the button for Zero Data and click on OK to return to the Erase window.

6. Click on the Erase button. The format process can take up to several hours depending upon the drive size.

With DU still open clone the old drive to the new one:

Clone using Restore Option of Disk Utility

1. Open Disk Utility from the Utilities folder.
2. Select the destination volume from the left side list.
3. Click on the Erase tab in the DU main window. Set the format type to Mac OS Extended (journaled, if available) and click on the Erase button. This step can be skipped if the destination has already been freshly erased.
4. Click on the Restore tab in the DU main window.
5. Select the destination volume from the left side list and drag it to the Destination entry field.
6. Select the source volume from the left side list and drag it to the Source entry field.
7. Double-check you got it right, then click on the Restore button.

Destination means the new internal drive.
Source means the old external drive.

Only if you used the cloning procedure I described.

I described how to boot from it in the first paragraph of my prior post.