That system error code list is obsolete and applies only to Mac OS 9 and earlier
That's quite possibly the case.
not iTunes
Experience does not bear that out so well. Usually these codes do map onto similar errors in iTunes, including the iTunes for Windows errors.
For example, the generic I/O "disk could not be read or written to" message, as per:
['Disk cannot be read from or written to' when syncing iPod or 'Firmware update failure' error when updating or restoring iPod|http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1207]
... used to appear in iTunes for Windows as an error (-36), and maps on to the definition of the message quite well.
The -48, as per:
[iTunes for Mac reports a -48 error during iPod sync|http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1478]
... (related usually to a strange problem involving time zones) did indicate a duplicate file/folder.
The error 200 in iTunes for Windows:
[iTunes for Windows: iTunes cannot run because it detects an issue with QuickTime|http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1371]
... although generally caused by a damaged QuickTime, could indeed be caused by hardware or driver problems (usually when the drivers for the soundcard or integrated audio had been damaged or gone walkabout on the PC, resulting in iTunes/QuickTime being unable to locate the appropriate hardware on the PC.
A checksum message is what you'd expect to be seeing in the context of a damaged file, which is usually what the 69 indicates.
So it's a useful resource, I find, especially when in a basic principles troubleshooting situation. Of course, it isn't of so much help with the extremely generic error messages, like the -50 for example, where a truly startling number of things can cause one in a wide range of circumstances.
And the usual caveats with any error message list of any description hold. Just because an error message number "means" something, the phenomenon described by the corresponding error message isn't always the cause of the message.