The iPhone's backup does not include ANY iTunes content - music, video, podcasts, or 3rd party apps. And the backup does not include ANY photos transferred from your computer to your iPhone via the iTunes sync/transfer process.
This link provides the data included with your iPhone's backup.
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1766
Where is your computer's backup for the computer you were using previously to sync your iPhone with , which should included your iTunes library along with all other important data such as photos, documents, your contact info, etc.?
If your iTunes library was not included with your previous computer's backup or wasn't transferred from your previous computer to your new computer with the computers networked in some fashion, you would have lost all iTunes content on your iPhone anyway. In regards to iTunes content, an iPhone can be synced with an iTunes library on a single computer only. When transferring iTunes content from another computer, all iTunes content that was transferred from a different computer will be erased from the iPhone first - with one exception. When transferring your iTunes library - the entire iTunes folder from one computer to the other. Photos in your iPhone's Camera Roll are included with your iPhone's backup but should be imported by your computer as with any other digital camera.
Go to Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Services. Select 'Apple Mobile Device' and on the left side click 'Stop the service'. After it has stopped then select 'Start the service'. Then try opening iTunes again to see if this resolves it.
If you don't have access to your iTunes library on your other computer to transfer to your new computer, your apps are gone especially after restoring your iPhone with iTunes. iTunes includes an option to transfer iTunes content that was purchased/downloaded from the iTunes store from an iPod or iPhone, but you can't do this now since you restored your iPhone with iTunes and no iTunes content is included with your iPhone's backup.
You can re-download all apps with iTunes on your computer after authorizing your new computer with your iTunes account with iTunes. You won't be charged again for a purchased app as long as you use the same iTunes account to re-download the app that was used to purchase the app originally.