how can you be sure that your advice is sound
The bits of advice given to you so far are:
1) Take it to a service center
2) Read a manual to learn more about the insides.
2) Post in a forum where you'll encounter more users with your particular model and presumably a bigger knowledge base.
Those are 3 pretty general and fairly safe recommendations that would apply to doing just about anything with computer hardware. Personally I think it will require some meticulous investigation and testing to find out what exactly is the problem. Something else may have become dislodged or broken when the cable got jammed. It may be that nobody will be able to say. "Oh, that means X is broken," without actually having a look at it.
You could try running Apple Hardware test and see what it says, but often the reports can be somewhat cryptic.