How do you work off an iPad.

I use numbers for some spreadsheet files and pages for word files. Everyone will have their individual apps for what they need. Decide what it is you want to do and find apps that will let you do that.

There are apple apps that you can download for free, such as Pages, Numbers, etc. Just sign into the apple store with the same apple ID you used to activate the ipad. See which of these apps work for you.

If you need to print you will need an airprint enabled printer, or a wifi printer (but with that you’ll need to use the manufacturer’s app, or a third party app depending on the model)

That will cover mail, browsing and general productivity. If you type a lot you may want a bluetooth keyboard. There are models made specifically for the ipad or there are also universal ones that work just fine. You’d look for the keyboard and maybe keyboard/case that meets your needs and budget.

If the device is going to be hauled around then look into a more substantial case that will protect it from bangs and drops. if it lives its life on your coffee table then you may not need a case.

Styli are only needed if you plan to draw, and in that case there is teh apple pencil, however many users prefer third party styli (one member here recommends the Adonit Pixel something). If you just want to tap the screen, then any old capicitative rubber tipped styli will work.

A screen protector is an individual choice. I prefer to have them, others do not. Depends on how you will use your device.

that all depends on what apps you need and use.

There is no singular way to use it.