Does iPhone XR need to be on to wirelessly charge?

My iPhone port is broken and I can’t charge it via cable. At the Apple store, it was able to charge wirelesssly so I got a 7.5W Belkin wireless charger. By the time I got home, the phone was completely dead and the wireless charger would not charge it. Can anyone confirm that you cannot wirelessly charge an iPhone if it is so drained it won’t turn on?