Can’t find the 2FA option in my Apple ID settings

See Two-factor authentication for Apple ID https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204915  See this section especially Set

up two-factor authentication for your Apple ID. From this section,  "Two-factor authentication is available for Apple ID accounts with at least one device that's using the latest iOS, iPadOS, or macOS. Learn more. You can follow these steps on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch to turn on two-factor authentication."

This article lists some of the requirements:

Availability of two-factor authentication for Apple ID - Apple Support

There is one there than can be hard to say for sure:

"While most iCloud users can now turn on two-factor authentication, certain account types may still be ineligible at Apple’s discretion"

But make sure you have a passcode on your iPad atleast(if you dont)

Use a passcode with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

And try again

If necessary, contact Apple ID Support.

Apple ID - Official Apple Support.    

Contact Apple for help with Apple ID account security - Apple Support.   (Link doesn’t always load)  

Get Support          Work through the screens to get a chat option. 

https://twitter.com/AppleSupport

Or fill out and submit  iTunes Store - Contact Us - Official Apple Support  The form is for iTunes, but will get passed to the ID Support section. 

If you still aren't seeing the 2 Factor Authentication option, I suggest you contact support. Some accounts aren't eligible for 2 Factor Authentication and/or there may be something they can do to fix the problem.

Good luck!

Contact Apple ID Support using the links posted above.