My phone shut off and won't turn back on. It shows the computer and the cord with support.apple.com/iphone/restore.
Do I have to restore it and lose everything or is there another way?
iPhone X, iOS 13
You have to restore it and lose everything; actually, you have already lost everything. You can then restore your most recent backup.
See this Apple support article—>If you forgot the passcode for your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch, or your device is disabled - Apple Support