Hello Rexfry77,
Thank you for using Apple Support Communities! It sounds like you're wondering if your iPhone can be compromised by visiting websites. We'd be happy to help provide more information to consider.
iOS includes encryption features to help protect your device and personal information. If it hasn't been jailbroken, you didn't enter any personal information on suspicious websites, and you did not download any profiles or apps from questionable sources then your data should be secure. You can read more about some of these features here:
Encryption and Data Protection overview - Apple Support
The following support article provides some additional tips if you encounter any pop-ups when browsing the internet or prompts to download software:
Recognize and avoid phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams - Apple Support
While browsing the web, if you see a pop-up or alert that offers you a free prize or warns you about a problem with your device, don't believe it. These types of pop-ups are usually fraudulent advertisements, designed to trick you into giving the scammer personal information or money.
Don't call the number or follow the links to claim the prize or fix the problem. Ignore the message and simply navigate away from the page or close the entire window or tab.
Use extreme caution if you download content from the internet. Some downloads found on the internet may not contain the software they claim to, or may contain software that you didn't expect or want. This includes apps that ask to install configuration profiles that can then control your device. If installed, unknown or unwanted software may become intrusive and annoying and could even damage your Mac and steal your data.
To avoid unwanted, fake, or malicious software, install software from the App Store or get it directly from the developer's website. Learn how to safely open software on your Mac or remove unwanted configuration profiles from your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch."
Let us know if you have questions from here.
Take care.