Apple Podcasts shows only the episode 'Price and Value' (labelled as episode 6 in the feed and showing that in the app).
The feed 'A' you quote isn't a feed but a web page. It contains a link to a feed at
https://feed.podbean.com/valueinvestingthestarvineway/feed.xml
This feed contains two episodes, 6, and 5 ('Value Investing: The Starvine Way Podcast Intro').
You provide a link to another feed, which you called 'B'. This feed contains only episode 6. As a result of upgrading to Catalina I'm forced to use the Podcasts app which has no way of finding out what feed it is using. My guess is that you've changed Podcasts to using feed 'B', whichi you shouldn't have done. You need to have it using feed 'A' and continue to add episodes to that. I've not idea how this has come about - there's no 'itunes:new-feed-url' redirection tag in feed 'A'. You may need to take this up with Podbean unless you made the change yourself (in which case you need to reverse it).