Apple care

It would last for a year past the first year of the warranty, but that can be extended for additional cost. You can pay for it monthly, or you can pay for it up front. The cost would depend on where you are located. The costs are listed if you were to log into the Apple website, go to the iPhone section and click in like you were going to purchase a phone. You can see the costs there, just don't go through with the purchase.

Yes, first year regular warranty, 2nd year, AppleCare+. Only difference is for the two years you qualify for the accidental damage waiver for the entire period. It used to be 2 instances, but I heard that was going to change. I've not read that yet, but you can search AppleCare+ and find out. Buy an AppleCare plan - Apple Support

I'm sorry, this one explains the features of AppleCare+ for the iPhone. AppleCare Products - iPhone - Apple

If you ordered from Apple Online, the information is there.