Apple Profile Manager Push Issues

We have Profile Manager setup on Mac Mini running 10.15.7. When we attempt to push profiles to Macs on or off the network, the push fails (not sure where the logs for this are or if they will even provide more information).

I assume this is due to outbound connectivity not working. For example, I can get DNS results with nslookup as shown below but I cannot connect to sites like apple.com in a browser. I know the DNS entries are correct and outbound connectivity on the firewall is allowed. Any ideas? I tried restarting the mDNSResponder but the issue persists. We need to be able to manage Macs that are and are not connected to VPN.

$ nslookup apple.com 172.16.0.247
Server:		172.16.0.247
Address:	172.16.0.247#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:	apple.com
Address: 17.253.144.10


$ nc -vz apple.com 443
nc: connectx to apple.com port 443 (tcp) failed: Operation timed out