How much free space do you have in your drive?
The installer alone is over 12GB.
You are apparently upgrading directly over Catalina, I suppose.
Quite a bit more space is going to be needed to decompress the files, and temporarily files from Catalina will coexist with new ones. I'd guess at least some 30GB free will be necessary for the installer do its job.
Incidentally, this is a great opportunity to get rid of old cruft.
The best way is to have full backups of your drive, erase and install, then migrate the accounts from the backup (Time Machine or, preferably, a bootable clone). Having a bootable clone will also let you boot back into Catalina if the need arises.