Does apple take iPhone donations?

If you mean donating an old iPhone for charity reuse I do not think so. However, if you wipe it properly and prepare it for re-use (see -> What to do before you sell, give away, or trade in your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support) many carriers will take devices for donation to local charities like battered woman shelters, or for military serving overseas.

You can drop off an iPhone at an Apple Store for recycling.

You're welcome