Is there a way to use an external superdrive in a macbook pro where the internal disk drive is broken?

Yes, there should be no issue. You may still want to check the compatibility and connectors in the article referenced above, i.e. How to connect the Apple USB SuperDrive - Apple Support

2013 topic: can't get my mac book pro to recognize and external usb superdrive - https://discussions.apple.com/message/22773555#22773555 - The Apple USB SuperDrive only works on Macs that didn't come with a SuperDrive,

Yes, buy almost any external optical drive and plug it into a USB port.

I assume you mean "disc" drive? What's the difference between a "disc" and a "disk?" - Apple Support

Sorry, I missed that critical information. I did a quick search and there are ways to disable the internal optical drive. This is one of the articles that shows how: https://jonnyelwyn.co.uk/film-and-video-editing/how-to-get-an-external-dvd-drive-to-work-with-a-mac-laptop/