Storage

As the graph shows, you still have plenty of accessible storage space on your phone. Plenty of space for photos, apps, etc. But you only have about 7 GB of free iCloud storage left. If you need more, you can buy iCloud storage, but you cannot add storage space to the phone. It will always have only the 256 GB it came with. Check this link...

What's the difference between device storage and iCloud storage? - Apple Support

iCloud has 7 GB's free and your iPhone has over 200.

None is locked.

The 42.8 GB used of 50 GB refers to your space in iCloud, Apple's synching service. It is clearly labeled iCloud and has nothing to do with the storage space on your phone.

It can't stop you in any setting.