Hi Thomas2361,
Thanks for reaching out using Apple Support Communities. It sounds like you have concerns about the operating temperature of iPhone 12 while using CarPlay. We understand and hope to help!
We wanted to provide a resource regarding keeping iOS devices within acceptable operating temperatures. It is normal and expected for the device to become warm during certain situations or conditions, and will return to a regular temperature when more intensive tasks such as GPS navigation are complete.
Keeping iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch within acceptable operating temperatures
Has your iPhone 12 displayed a temperature warning screen, such as the one shown in the article above? It may be helpful to know the device takes steps to regulate the temperature if it goes outside of normal operating range. Certain features may slow or stop temporarily to allow the device temperature to regulate, and if unable to sufficiently regulate, you will be shown a temperature warning screen.
If you do not receive the temperature warnings, and the device does return to normal temperature, there should be no need for concern. If you are seeing temperature warning screens that cannot be reasonably explained by conditions, such as extended time in a hot car, you may wish to contact Apple Support. Advisors can run a diagnostic test that could provide further insight on temperature warnings.
Contact Apple Support
As far as comparing the iPhone 12 to other devices, this could relate to differences in device materials. Consider also what type of case you are using and if the behavior seems different without having the iPhone in a case. It is also a good practice to keep your iPhone and its applications up to date.
Hope this helps! Take care.