Terminal issue

If it's not the new Apple Silicon...

Safe Boot, (holding Shift key down at startup), does the problem occur in Safe Mode? Could take 10 minutes.

Safe mode attempts to repair Disks & clears lots of caches & loads safe Drivers, & prevents loading of 3rd party extensions, so if Safe Mode works try again in regular boot.

To find out if it's system wide or user specific, try this...

Open System Preferences>Users & Groups, unlock the lock, click on the little plus icon, make a new admin account, log out & into the new account.

Does it work in the new account?-

Your bash profile is looping or has some other issue.

you might be able to get into the command line by pressing control + c

This is the unix quit command.

You want to show hidden files. You want to rename your bash profiles so they are not run. go into finder and show hidden files. There are three:

~/. bash_profile

~/.profile

I'll have to figure out the third later.