I am really scratching my head over this. That rotation lock cannot be deleted from the control center.
i suggest you try a forced restart
https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/force-restart-iphone-iph8903c3ee6/ios
If that does not help the next procedure would be to backup then restore your device to factory, and setup the device without restoring a backup, to see if the issue is replicated.
Then restore the backup.
Here is a guide for those steps
Backup and restore
(1)How to back up your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch – Apple Support
Remove SIM PIN if you have set one
(2) Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod to factory settings – Apple Support
Set up as new from the Hello Screen without restoring backup. Test if the problem still exists
If the problem goes away in the newly set up phone then suspect settings or apps,
(3) Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch from a backup