Click on this link "If you think your Apple ID has been compromised" --> https://support.apple.com/HT204145
'Checklist: If you want to see if anyone else has access to your device or accounts' click here --> https://support.apple.com/HT212021
Security and your Apple ID - https://support.apple.com/HT201303
Contact Apple for help with Apple ID account security - https://support.apple.com/HT204169 "This article provides country-specific Apple Support contact information for customers seeking help with their Apple ID password or other security-related issues." Better for directly reporting an issue.
Family Sharing won't do the things you describe. If somebody set up Screen Time they had to do it while personally holding your phone which would require you unlocking it for them. Change the passcode on your phone.