Just received an Attempted port scan that came from my iPhone

Port scans from outside of your network happen constantly, looking for appliances and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices that can be commandeered to use for denial of service attacks and spying. Usually these are blocked by your router or firewall if you keep its firmware up to date and have security set to WPA2(AES), WPA2-Personal or WPA3. However, if you have any security devices such as webcams, many of the less expensive ones are vulnerable to being hacked. And even some that should know better (Nest thermostats were vulnerable a few years ago, for example).

It occurs to me that your phone may scan your local network for specific ports, such as those used by Airdrop, Screen Mirroring, AirPrint, iCloud sync, etc. These are not scans; they check the specific ports needed for these features. I don’t know if your firewall distinguishes these from scans.

Your phone is probably not doing a port scan. It looks like a Spectrum router is doing a port scan. Go to Settings/General/About and look at your Wi-Fi address. Is it E8:AD:A6:36:1E:58? If not, then it is not your phone doing a port scan.

That message looks like a phishing scam.

Use the Get Support link at the top of this page to contact Apple.