Signed out of iCloud and erased device

Hello! I recently signed into my iCloud with a new phone. The phone had to be returned bc of issues so I signed out of iCloud , and then erased the device. Is it possible that my Apple ID is still associated with that first device? I’m wondering if it will still be under associated devices if I looked on a Pc Or mac ( I don’t have either associated with my Apple ID to check) but I was wondering if removing iCloud and erasing the device is enough to remove it completely the association from the Apple ID? (By association I mean to be able to download previous buys etc…)