How can I ping the location when powered off

Here is Apple’s advice for lost or stolen devices:

If your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch is lost or stolen – Apple Support

Use the Find My app to locate a lost or stolen device – Apple Support

If the Find My iPad feature was enabled prior to it being stolen, then if active, you would stand a good chance of locating it. 

However, if the feature was not activated prior to being misplaced - or the iPad has been inactive or without a network connection for more than 24 hours, the last known location will not be available - and the opportunity to use technical means to recover the iPad have been lost until a network connection is restored.

It follows that you can only communicate with a device that has a network connection. No connection = no communication.