Don’t bother backing up. Seriously. Your data clearly has no value to you, whether the data gets wiped or lost or stolen or dunked or dropped doesn’t matter, and since you don’t ever need that data back, so just send it in. (Seems harsh? Why do I write that? Because you have no backups now. That means you believe your data worth little or nothing to you, or can be easily replaced.)
Now if your data has value, then you’ll be using a USB-connected storage device (hard disk drives are typical, as they’re bIg and ~cheap) and Time Machine, or using network-attached storage with Time Machine support (less cheap, but can be shared by multiple Macs), or (maybe) iCloud with files and documents enabled. The iCloud storage is not a backup, and will be limited by the amount of iCloud storage you have rented and the speed of your ISP network link, and it is not a complete backup.
Add your Desktop and Documents files to iCloud Drive - Apple Support
Now if your Mac is bricked and cannot get a back up, then it’s too late to get a backup. You might get data recovered by a recovery firm (expensive, whether or not any data can be recovered), or the repairs might preserve the data, but the time to get a backup is prior to the theft or loss or dropping or dunking or damage or whatever happened here.