Can "Time Machine" be used in iCloud?

No. It isn't clear exactly what you mean by "used in iCloud" but Time Machine cannot backup data that is only in iCloud (e.g., photos or files that have been Optimized on your Mac and do not have a local copy on the Mac.

Also, you cannot use Time Machine to backup a Mac to iCloud. It will only backup to external devices -- see: Backup disks you can use with Time Machine - Apple Support

Apple offers iCloud Backup for iPhones and iPads but not for Mac computers.

It is possible to sync data from a Mac to iCloud if you turn on those options (e.g., iCloud Photos, iCloud Drive including the Desktop & Documents option). Syncing has some of the benefits of a backup (and the benefit of being offsite) but is not the same as a backup. Major differences include the fact that not everything on your Mac can be synced and the fact that if you delete something, accidentally or otherwise, there is only a limited time period (30 days in most cases) during which it can be recovered.

Also see: https://support.apple.com/mac-backup

And more information on syncing in:

Set up and use iCloud Photos - Apple Support

and

Access and manage your files in iCloud Drive - Apple Support

and

Add your Desktop and Documents files to iCloud Drive - Apple Support