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Understanding 11.6.2 locations on Fusion Drive.

I am rebuilding my imac with 1TB SSD external drive. All is well and Samsung SSD T7 is doing fine. Where I need help is in understanding where OS base system resides and how the OS distributes OS components.

For example, I am mystified to discover a clean install of 11.6.2 on 2 TB iMac fusion drive results in two sets of Applications; one set in the normal location and another duplicate set in System>Applications.

Additional apps go into the normal Applications folder only, which makes me wonder if the duplicates are simply protected system apps for the system to regenerate. When I originally saw the two sets of Applications I first wondered if, despite disk erasure, I had somehow installed over an existing system.

Further Disk Utility reading reveals the Mac OS Base system is a virtual image on a SATA mounted HDD while the HD-Data plus HD-data volumes are PCIe mounted which suggests they are the SSD component of fusion. So why two data volumes?

I find my previous mac experience hinders my understanding of what to expect when safely installing copies of the OS 11.6.2. I read every OS iteration will have its own volume created and insulated against corruption wherever it is stored. That is comforting.

I also read new installations should be downloaded onto HD. Why? For example, assuming there is space, why not have an OS on a HD-Data volume? I am missing pieces of the jigsaw!

Can anyone refer me to a plain English article which explains the default preferences which OS 11.6.2 (Apple) prefers and helps clear up my confusion?

Many Thanks.





Posted on Jan 2, 2022 6:31 AM

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Posted on Jan 2, 2022 2:47 PM

The second one is from the previous install. Select it and look at the mount point. It should say /Volumes and it won't have the little House badge on it. Click the Remove Volume button (–).


Otherwise, everything is normal.

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11 replies

Jan 2, 2022 2:42 PM in response to Barney-15E

Thank you for the helpful response Barney. I appreciate the distinctions you make regarding OS Recovery and Base system. That helps. And Yes, it would appear that I have my Home account stored on and HD-Data volume.


How this has occurred absolutely eludes me as I have always chosen HD for any installation. Hence my confusion about how the installation and distribution of OS is handled in 11.6.2. So you think the only way my home volume could be on HD-Data is through an error on my part choosing the incorrect disk for installation? Is my only choice to accept my own fallibility?


Would I be creating a better organised system with the Home directory on HD? Will the current Home directory location operate faster being on an SSD?

Screen shots enclosed and all comments appreciated.







Jan 2, 2022 8:29 AM in response to Australopithicus01

OS base System is Recovery. It has nothing to do with the Operating System you use day-to-day.


It might help to look at Disk Utility with the Macintosh HD volume group expanded.

The drive is split between System Volumes and a Data Volume. All of the Apple OS is stored in the System Volume.

Your data (home folder) and any non-bundled applications are stored on the Data volume.


It is possible you installed Big Sur onto the Data volume of a previous install. In that case, the System Volume may actually be named HD-Data (and the data volume named HD-Data-Data).

Please open Disk Utility, click the View button and choose Show All Devices, Expand the carets next to each volume group, and take a screen shot of the disk list. Post it here using the image button in the toolbar.


Understanding 11.6.2 locations on Fusion Drive.

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