iPad adapters

1. It is only called Lightning, there are no other names for Lightning ports. Depending on iPad model, it may have a USB-C port instead of a Lightning port.
2. You cannot use a wired printer with an iPad. iPad's only support wireless, AirPrint compatible printers. Link-> About AirPrint - Apple Support

Hi,

As mentioned by Phil0124, a wired printer cannot be connected to an iPad.

If absolutely necessary, a workaround for a USB-only printer could be to connect it to the USB port of a Mac computer (which would act as a print server), and then use special software (Printopia is one example).

Yes, a Wi-Fi printer with support for AirPrint, wirelessly connected to a Wi-Fi router. Alternatively, a network printer with AirPrint support, connected by Ethernet to one of the LAN ports of a Wi-Fi router.

The iPad would be wirelessly connected to the Wi-Fi router.

The printer manufacturer may have a special iPadOS/iOS app for some Wi-Fi printers without AirPrint support.