I lost my recovery phone number and I can't access my iPhone

Do you need a verification code? See if anything here helps.  If necessary, you can use account recovery as explained in the link at bottom of the article.

Verification code - how to get one and sign in with two-factor authentication.   *

Again, your number should not be necessary to unlock your account. If your Apple ID is using 2 factor authentication, then the code should be received on a device that is logged in to the account or a phone number you set to receive the through voice calls or SMS. This phone number should obviously not be your own phone number from your iPhone, it can be a lad line or even a friends or relatives Android phone if necessary.

If you don't have another device to get the code on, and for some reason you set your own number as a trusted phone number, then you need to go through the recovery process.

How to use account recovery when you can’t reset your Apple ID password - Apple Support

Otherwise, you will need to explain why you need your phone number, and why you cannot unlock your account, and how exactly you accidentally locked it.

Unless you are from India or China, and were using your number as your Apple ID, your number should have no ties to your Apple ID at all.

Also, as long as you still remember the password for it, you can access the account, and update it to a new number.

Link-> Manage and use your Apple ID - Apple Support