Can these scanned documents be printed if emailed as an attachment to someone?

If you scan a document into a Note, then tap on that document into the note, then tap on the Share button, you can select Mail as an option. Then complete the To: section and send. The receiver should be able to open it as an attachment. If not, then you can save it to the Files app as a share option, then after opening Mail on the iPhone, then double tap on the body of the mail and select Attach File.