Morgan Adams1 wrote:
I need to see exactly which files were in the latest Time Machine backup—to diagnose why every backup is ~3GB even though I have only edited a few small files.
What apps are recommended currently?
(I've seen some years-old apps recommended, as well as difficult-to-parse command line utilities—but I need something for Mac OS Monterey. A "real app" properly signed and notarized.
what years old apps(?) for comparison...?
Time Machine is designed as a hands free/ no user interaction backup. There is a certain amount of 'magic ' that the software uses—with no documentation.
Just how is this an issue "to diagnose why every backup is ~3GB" ?
If you have an issue— the way to sort TM issues is erase/reformat/initialize the drive and start anew Backup—and compare your results.
I would plug it in a forget about it—
Back up your files with Time Machine on Mac - Apple Support
When Time Machine runs , it is also moving "local sanapshots" to the external disk...
About Time Machine local snapshots - Apple Support
you can see these local snapshots from Terminal, copy and paste:
tmutil listlocalsnapshots /
TM activity from log, extracts Time Machine activity logged during the previous 24 hours, copy and paste:
printf '\e[3J' && log show --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.TimeMachine"' --info --last 24h | grep -F 'eMac' | grep -Fv 'etat' | awk -F']' '{print substr($0,1,19), $NF}'
You can read more about hard links here:
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/300420/does-a-time-machine-backup-directory-contain-full-or-incremental-data
3-2-1 Backup Strategy: three copies of your data, two different methods, and one offsite.