How do I check my iCloud backup iOS and date last backed up

For iCloud backup date:

Settings -> AppleID (Name) -> iCloud -> iCloud Backup.

The date and time last successful iCloud backup will be shown.

iOS version can be verified w/ Settings -> General -> Software Update

Go in your iPhone settings on your iCloud profile. Then on iCloud and then on iCloud Backup. At the very bottom you should see the last date of your Backup.