Several things here...
1) That web site is just awful. If you have followed any instructions from there, I'm sorry. I have no idea what kind of damage you've done.
2) That first point about "Operation not permitted" must be what led you to that site to begin with. That specific example used on that site is one, very specific issue and has absolutely nothing do with whatever problem you are experiencing.
At this point, I'm not sure what to do. I have no idea what state your computer is in now. I have no idea what kind of suggestions you may have followed. Sometimes I see people on place like Twitter complain about bad advice they see in Apple Support Communities. The truth is the exact opposite. Much of what we do here is try to correct the damage done by people following bad advice posted elsewhere on the internet. Taking that huge caveat into consideration, all I can do is simply assume that no damage has been done and proceed from there.
Can I assume that your Terminal is working correctly on the Mac Studio, not via ssh? If not, full stop. Start over. Totally different problem.
How, specifically, are you connecting to the Mac Studio over ssh. What specific command line are you using? Without that information, nothing I can do. Full stop.
Do you get this error on every directory listing? Such as? Please be specific with specific commands you are running. For example:
ls -al ~
ls -al /
ls -al /tmp
ls -al /System
All these commands should always work.
Things like Full Disk Access and disabling System Integrity Protection are greatly misunderstood. To make it short, you don't need them. There are only a handful of very specific uses where they would become an issue. You haven't said anything that remotely suggests they are necessary.
Note that I haven't even begun to talk about ssh yet. I'm not saying any of this is difficult. I'm saying the opposite. All of it, including ssh, should work fine. I think the most likely explanation is that you've followed poor advice on the internet and completely scrambled it.