Apple ID security code

See if anything here helps.  If necessary, you can use account recovery as explained in the link at bottom of the article.

Verification code - how to get one and sign in with two-factor authentication.   *

If you want to put your photos on your new phone, download them to your laptop and then transfer them, icloud stores them only in the cloud by default, you need to ask iCloud to download them to the laptop first, then transfer them via a USB cable to the new phone.