I have lost my phone. I know my Apple ID, I don’t know my password. When I try to access the account it keeps sending a security code to the phone I’ve lost. How can I find out my password?

If you forgot the Apple ID (iCloud) password, enter the Apple (iCloud) ID, and click Forgot Password. See if you can get a Rescue or Notification email option. Link to contact Apple Support at the end of the 2nd article.

Apple ID - Manage

Apple ID – Forgot Password  *      

See the Related Article link above for what to do, and also specifically see the link included:

https://iCloud.com/find

That link does not require a verification code.