Recover previous data backup from iCloud

“Previous backup”? Backups are not archived. They are done to recover from disasters.

You may restore your current backup.

Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch from a backup - Apple Support

This will require that you erase your phone......and lose all the data currently on the phone......and then set it up again using the current iCloud backup to restore the phone.

One potential issue that users run into......too late.....is that they do not know exactly what is really stored in the backup.......so email, messages and other data sometimes disappears.

Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch from a backupOfficial Apple Support › en-us

You have your reasons, but I would not consider doing this unless a disaster has just occurred on the phone.