I just got a code for my Apple ID

See the following Apple articles:

If you think your Apple ID has been compromised

If you think your Apple ID has been compromised - Apple Support

• If you completed the steps above and think your account might still be compromised, contact Apple Support.

See who has access to your device or accounts

See who has access to your device or accounts – Apple Support (UK)

Recognize and avoid phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams

Recognize and avoid phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams - Apple Support

Someone may be trying to sign your Apple ID, which would generate the request for a verification code. Since you have 2 Factor Authentication enabled, as long as they can't access one of your trusted devices, they can't get a code, and sign in. You should be okay.

I’d suggest changing the password of your Apple ID at https://appleid.apple.com